Ignition to coals
Firebuilding
Reliable fire, from spark to sustained coals, matched to the fuels and conditions of the region you're actually in.
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General practice
- Tinder, kindling, and fuel gathered BEFORE the first spark.
- A ferro rod, lighter, and matches — carry all three.
- Feather sticks and shavings work when everything is soaked.
- Fully drown, stir, and drown a fire before leaving it.
Regional focus
Boreal Canada
Long fires, thick coals, and reflectors extend usable heat in cold.
Key items
- Birch bark
- Split standing dead spruce
- Long-log fire for cold-weather sleep behind reflector